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STANDARDS

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US-NC

Math

North Carolina Math

Math 2: Statistics and Probability: Conditional Probability and the Rules for Probability

Understand independence and conditional probability and use them to interpret data.

NC.M2.S-CP.1

Not covered
Describe events as subsets of the outcomes in a sample space using characteristics of the outcomes or as unions, intersections and complements of other events.
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NC.M2.S-CP.3

Develop and understand independence and conditional probability.

NC.M2.S-CP.3a

Fully covered
Use a 2-way table to develop understanding of the conditional probability of A given B (written P(A|B)) as the likelihood that A will occur given that B has occurred. That is, P(A|B) is the fraction of event B’s outcomes that also belong to event A.

NC.M2.S-CP.3b

Fully covered
Understand that event A is independent from event B if the probability of event A does not change in response to the occurrence of event B. That is P(A|B)=P(A).

NC.M2.S-CP.4

Fully covered
Represent data on two categorical variables by constructing a two-way frequency table of data. Interpret the two-way table as a sample space to calculate conditional, joint and marginal probabilities. Use the table to decide if events are independent.

NC.M2.S-CP.5

Fully covered
Recognize and explain the concepts of conditional probability and independence in everyday language and everyday situations.

Use the rules of probability to compute probabilities of compound events in a uniform probability model.

NC.M2.S-CP.6

Fully covered
Find the conditional probability of A given B as the fraction of B’s outcomes that also belong to A, and interpret the answer in context.

NC.M2.S-CP.7

Fully covered
Apply the Addition Rule, P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A and B), and interpret the answer in context.

NC.M2.S-CP.8

Fully covered
Apply the general Multiplication Rule P(A and B) = P(A)P(B|A) = P(B)P(A|B), and interpret the answer in context. Include the case where A and B are independent: P(A and B) = P(A) P(B).