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Course: Class 10 Chemistry (India) > Unit 4
Lesson 3: Saturated and unsaturated carbon compounds- Dot structures I: Single bonds
- Dot structures II: Multiple bonds
- Hydrocarbon overview: Alkanes, Alkenes, and Alkynes
- Alkanes, Alkenes, and Alkynes- General molecular formula
- Nomenclature of hydrocarbons: Alkanes, Alkenes, & Alkynes
- Representing structures of organic molecules
- Identify saturated and unsaturated compounds
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Hydrocarbon overview: Alkanes, Alkenes, and Alkynes
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Created by Mahesh Shenoy.
Want to join the conversation?
Why do the general forms of hydrocarbons based on number of bonds have the prefix alk, are they similar/related to alk ali (water soluble bases) or is just a coincidence?
This is just a thought that crossed my mind as names in chemistry are generally used to classify stuff.(7 votes)
Video transcript
we've already spent a lot of time talking about how neat carbon is for life and for biology and for chemical reactions so much so that there's a whole field of organic chemistry devoted to studying the chemistry of molecules that involve carbon and one of the things that carbon or two of the things that carbon will often bond with are itself and with hydrogen's so much so that there's an entire class of of molecules that are only made up of carbons and hydrogen's and we call these it's a very creative name we call them hydrocarbons hydrocarbons and you will see many many types of pure hydrocarbons and you'll see many other types of molecules that at least are partially hydrocarbons or are based on hydrocarbons so it's a really interesting thing to study here's three examples of hydrocarbons these all have the prefix F in the beginning of them because they have a chain their longest chain has two carbons and if you want to study how to name hydrocarbons or actually organic compounds in general I encourage you to look at the organic chemistry section of Khan Academy we're going to depth on it but this is just going to get you just kind of dip our toe in the water just so we get a little bit familiar so these all have the prefix F which says our longest chain of carbon we're gonna have two carbons over here but then we see that the ending is different over here we have ethane and it's it's an N because we have a single bond over here this over here we have an N and that's because we have a double bond we have at least one double bond in that chain that and the carbon chain is only two carbons over here and it's ethyne here because we have a triple bond the general term for a carbon chain that has no double or triple bonds is an alkane this is a specific form of an alkane ethane that has two carbons if the general form four carbons that have a double bond that's an alkene actually let me write these general terms down so I could write al alkane alkane is the general term for a chain of carbons that has no double or triple bonds and specifically this is ethane if I were to speak generally here I'd say alkene now it's alkine right over here