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Pixar in a Box
Course: Pixar in a Box > Unit 4
Lesson 1: Hair simulation 101Getting to know Hayley Iben
Hayley Iben, a Pixar software engineer, shares her journey into computer science, starting with her mom's suggestion to take a programming class. She studied computational geometry, worked on inverse kinematics, and contributed to the movie Brave. Embracing new challenges and following her heart led her to a fulfilling career.
Want to join the conversation?
- How do you get into work at places like pixar?(63 votes)
- I am completing my major in Computer Science now, where would someone get the knowledge to work on programs to be used for animation like what Hayley is doing?(26 votes)
- How did you come across Pixar? What was your first movie that you helped out in?(17 votes)
- What is the programs name used to do this anamations, is this for free, or do I have to have license?(11 votes)
- I'm sure you can code your own animatic functions and programs, but I believe it's not quite open source. I did see another answer saying that they used Presto.(7 votes)
- What other companies do these animation things in movies like Pixar?(9 votes)
- Well a lot of companies do these things. Other than Disney Pixar, thing of other cartoon movie makers like dream works. They use the same; physics and laws to make the movements in their piece are realistic.(6 votes)
- I am wondering something. In The Good Dinosaur, Spot takes a chunk out of the pterodactyl's wing. Is that chunk a separate model than the pterodactyl that they keep flush with the wing until it is removed?(5 votes)
- There are several options, remember that every frame of a movie can use different models (body shapes) , textures (skin paint), and lighting.
So they could have swapped the entire body, or just the wing. They could have changed the skin textures to use invisible paint where the hole is. They could have used a skin texture where the hole is only visible to a certain computer camera setting and then changed that setting. My guess is that they changed the body.(7 votes)
- what program does Pixar uses to animate or simulate?(5 votes)
- Pixar uses the software 'Pixar Renderman' and is available to download for non-commercial use. :)(2 votes)
- So is Nemo's rapidly-flapping little fin a simulation, a repeating animation sequence, or a really complicated and long animation?(5 votes)
- So the inverse schematics problem she talks about atis what allows animators to just drag a characters arm and have all the joints work on their own? 1:50(3 votes)
- Correct, it's called "inverse kinematics". Kinematics is the study of movement without considering masses or forces. With inverse kinematics, the animator says, "I want the hand to move here and I want the arm joints to be constrained in a realistic way", and the computer figures out how to move the joints in the arms to reach the desired end point.(3 votes)
- If a hair simulation is working fine except for a few hairs, can an animator go back and manually animate the problem hairs or do you have to redo the stimulation?(2 votes)
- This depends on the hair simulation. Sometimes the simulation is responsible for the entire hair from skin to end and it's very hard to get a hold of a few hairs. In this case the animator could have the ability to step back a few seconds and add another control to the simulation from that point forward and run the simulation again from that point. Sort of like brushing the hair out of the face after a head movement.
In other simulations, you can adjust the positions of all of the hairs, or some special control hairs, and let the simulator figure out how to make the results look realistic. It totally depends on the underlying simulation and how it keeps track of the hair!(3 votes)
Video transcript
- When I was young, I
really liked some sports like softball and I was the catcher and the first base player
and I also liked music. I started playing the
flute in the fourth grade and from there I played in the band and I branched out and
taught myself tenor saxophone and played that in the jazz band and I was in the marching
band and the symphonic band and I was a drum major and lots of different
activities with music. It was great. In high school, there
were some elective classes that we need to take and my
mom was helping me figure out which ones to pick. And she had gone back to
school while I was a kid and she had taken a programming class and she suggested that I took one of those to see if I liked it and
so that's how I got into it and I already liked computers,
I love playing with them. I remember my parents
getting our first computer. It was an old 286 and it was just something that was at that point a toy but then learning how to program a computer
was really interesting to me and so I started taking
computer classes in ninth grade and all through high school. Yeah, I majored in computer science in the liberal arts school
and got a Bachelor of Science and I also did a minor in mathematics. I got a Master's and
a PhD from UC Berkeley and my Master's was in
computational geometry and my thesis was on
physically-based simulation for creating crack patterns on
surfaces so like mud drawing. I also looked at crackle glass and so that's a way to create
crack patterns in class and use that for cups and
bowls and things like that. In my internship, I ended up working on an
inverse kinematics problem with Andy Weken who was my
mentor and the research group. Let's pretend I wanna animate my arm and I would wanna grab
my wrist and move it here and what inverse kinematics
does is it would solve to figure out what are the angles that I'd have to move my elbow
joint and my shoulder joint to hit the target which
is where my wrist is. It's really exciting for me to watch the finished movie for Brave. I worked on a lot of the
technology that was used to animate the characters
and to do the hair simulator. I wrote the inverse kinematic system that was used to move the
horses and move the humans. I spent a lot of time trying to make sure that posing tool was right and having that and have Merida's hair
fill up the entire screen was incredibly satisfying and to see how beautiful
it all turned out. And while I was writing those tools, I got scheduled to do an interview with another co-worker
for the simulation group because they were looking
for a new simulation person and the person who left had done fluids and other types of simulation work that wasn't an area
that I was familiar with so I hadn't even thought about
this work, this job opening and I think it had been
open for about a year when we were talking about it. They were having a hard
time filling this position and the person we were interviewing was doing a Master's thesis and he was implementing
some of my PhD thesis and so after the interview,
my co-worker said, he turned to me and said, "Why aren't you applying for this job?" That was really a point in my career to really sit and think like, "Huh, why I aren't I
applying for this job?" And so I really gave it some
consideration and decided and was like, "Yeah, I do
wanna apply for this job." And it's always a little
bit scary when you try to do something new but it
was definitely worth it. I didn't listen to the
people that were saying, "Oh, you should be doing this instead," because you should do
what your heart tells you and even if it's scary, you
should go ahead and do it.