All right, the
behavioral theory is what we're going to
be talking about next. And the behavioral theory
says that personality is a result of the interaction
between an individual and their environment. So here's our person. And then, this is
the environment. Whether it's society-- We'll
draw a few houses here. There you go. You get the picture. So basically, what
I've drawn here is one island, and
another island, and a bridge connecting both. And you'll see why
did that in a second. OK, so the behavioral
theory says that we interact
with our environment. And it's also focused on
observable and measurable behavior, rather than mental
or emotional behaviors. So there are different
types of behaviors. And different theories focus
more on one type of behavior over the other. So when looking at this, if
this is the behavioral theory-- is this island right here. I guess we can say the
psychoanalytic theory over here would be the most opposite
because this theory focuses on the mental behavior rather
than observable behavior. And behavioral
theorists don't care for theories that take thoughts
and feelings into account. So let's talk about
two important theorists of the behavioral theory,
and the first is Skinner. So Skinner was a
strict behaviorist. And he's associated
with the concept of operant conditioning, which
you may have heard of before. So operant conditioning
uses rewards and punishments to increase or
decrease a behavior. And another behaviorist, Pavlov,
who was a Russian physiologist, and he's also considered by many
as the father of behaviorism, he's associated with
classical conditioning. And he used his famous dog
example, the Pavlov Dog Experiment, to show what
classical conditioning was. It basically places
a neutral stimulus with an unconditional
stimulus to trigger an involuntary response. So in the case of
the dogs, ringing a bell in the
presence of food is what caused the dogs
to begin salivating. It triggered that
involuntary response. So these theorists,
Skinner and Pavlov, believed that the environment
determines the behavior. So that's why I put
ourselves in our environment. We're shaped by the environment. And people have consistent
behavior patterns because we have particular
kinds of response tendencies. But these responses
can change if we encountering new situations. And that's why our
personality develops over our entire lifespan. It's constantly
evolving and changing. Now, what is this bridge
in the middle connecting one extreme of
behaviorism to the other, the mental approach to
the behavioral approach? Now, it's not to say one
is right over the other. They're just two different
approaches of personality. OK, so back to this, the bridge. The bridge the
middle is what we're going to call the
cognitive theory. And the cognitive
theory is considered a bridge between classic
behaviorism and other theories that emphasize
thinking and behavior, such as the
psychoanalytic theory. And it's because
the cognitive theory treats thinking as
a behavior and has much in common with
the behavioral theory. So Albert Bandura
combines the concepts of observing,
thinking, and behaving in the social
cognitive theory, which we'll take a look at next.