https://www.khanacademy.org/science/class-9-chemistry/x46dd29ce84a663ea:is-matter-around-us-pure/x46dd29ce84a663ea:methods-to-separate-the-components-of-a-mixture/v/basics-of-chromatography 2020-06-23T07:22:41Z Basics of chromatography Understand the basic principles of different kinds of chromatography: paper, thin layer, column, size-exclusion, ion exchange, affinity, and HPLC. Angela Guerrero video https://cdn.kastatic.org/googleusercontent/89HB_p_jfEzP8gF9BpTsK4yZXlM_imxL1b-XWdPJI3KRC8VECuFeJUPMxoHke6RxPxUkfINzhUEdrmRCqJB_x7bt Basics of chromatography Understand the basic principles of different kinds of chromatography: paper, thin layer, column, size-exclusion, ion exchange, affinity, and HPLC. https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/SnbXQTTHGs4.mp4/SnbXQTTHGs4.mp4 556 Chromatographic techniques and their forensic applications https://www.khanacademy.org/science/grade-12-chemistry-snc-aligned/x7a43e770fc9e15cf:chromatography/x7a43e770fc9e15cf:chromatographic-techniques-and-their-forensic-applications/v/thin-layer-chromatography 2020-06-23T07:22:43Z Thin layer chromatography (TLC) Learn about how chemicals can be separated based on polarity through thin layer chromatography (TLC). By Angela Guerrero. Angela Guerrero video https://cdn.kastatic.org/googleusercontent/PEIBT6FLgyUhdq5u3b4Gg6iqHRRt8FVz0SxGzy0ccVS50DvEnpN0TNQy-EULr5iH2u9gJ7KY5jpGOfkv8Le6SWHECQ Thin layer chromatography (TLC) Learn about how chemicals can be separated based on polarity through thin layer chromatography (TLC). By Angela Guerrero. https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/e3lRt9XdV0s.mp4/e3lRt9XdV0s.mp4 307 Chromatographic techniques and their forensic applications https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-chemistry-beta/x2eef969c74e0d802:intermolecular-forces-and-properties/x2eef969c74e0d802:separation-of-solutions-and-mixtures-chromatography/v/thin-layer-chromatography-tlc 2022-10-05T02:43:18.611402953Z Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a technique used to separate mixtures of compounds based on differences in polarity. In TLC, a glass plate coated with a stationary phase (typically silica gel) is spotted with the mixture to be separated. The plate is then placed in a mobile phase (solvent), which travels up the plate by capillary action. The rate at which each compound in the mixture moves up the plate depends on its relative attractions to the stationary and mobile phases. Sal Khan video https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka_thumbnails_cache/cb8e67b5-8982-4df4-93dd-e1b17ca57a63_1280_720_base.png Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a technique used to separate mixtures of compounds based on differences in polarity. In TLC, a glass plate coated with a stationary phase (typically silica gel) is spotted with the mixture to be separated. The plate is then placed in a mobile phase (solvent), which travels up the plate by capillary action. The rate at which each compound in the mixture moves up the plate depends on its relative attractions to the stationary and mobile phases. https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/GOWUw0-SEDE.mp4/GOWUw0-SEDE.mp4 368 Chromatographic techniques and their forensic applications https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-chemistry-beta/x2eef969c74e0d802:intermolecular-forces-and-properties/x2eef969c74e0d802:separation-of-solutions-and-mixtures-chromatography/v/calculating-retention-factors-for-tlc 2021-03-04T12:15:21Z Calculating retention factors for TLC In thin-layer chromatography, the retention factor (Rf) is used to compare and help identify compounds. The Rf value of a compound is equal to the distance traveled by the compound divided by the distance traveled by the solvent front (both measured from the origin). For example, if a particular compound travels 1.5 cm and the solvent front travels 6.0 cm, then the compound's Rf value is 0.25. Angela Guerrero video https://cdn.kastatic.org/googleusercontent/fQAa5XLiTsnqsFyS1zdKR_cJcYHLDzvR9UrQoQoKGZ48YG1mg3PrpG5tUlhk3thmspoQC9s9RdAlgrsE5OwAWU0U Calculating retention factors for TLC In thin-layer chromatography, the retention factor (Rf) is used to compare and help identify compounds. The Rf value of a compound is equal to the distance traveled by the compound divided by the distance traveled by the solvent front (both measured from the origin). For example, if a particular compound travels 1.5 cm and the solvent front travels 6.0 cm, then the compound's Rf value is 0.25. https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/_DEScXFyI8s.mp4/_DEScXFyI8s.mp4 441 Chromatographic techniques and their forensic applications https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-chemistry-beta/x2eef969c74e0d802:intermolecular-forces-and-properties/x2eef969c74e0d802:separation-of-solutions-and-mixtures-chromatography/v/column-chromatography-intro 2022-10-05T02:43:18.611402953Z Column chromatography Column chromatography applies the same principles as TLC on a larger scale. In column chromatography, a glass column is filled with a stationary phase (typically silica gel), and the mixture of compounds to be separated is placed on top. Then, a mobile phase (solvent) is passed through the column from top to bottom. As with TLC, the rate at which each compound in the mixture moves down the column depends on its relative attractions to the stationary and mobile phases. Sal Khan video https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka_thumbnails_cache/00aed0b5-4994-4975-83b2-5814fdae1eb5_1280_720_base.png Column chromatography Column chromatography applies the same principles as TLC on a larger scale. In column chromatography, a glass column is filled with a stationary phase (typically silica gel), and the mixture of compounds to be separated is placed on top. Then, a mobile phase (solvent) is passed through the column from top to bottom. As with TLC, the rate at which each compound in the mixture moves down the column depends on its relative attractions to the stationary and mobile phases. https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/UHF1HXdkrZQ.mp4/UHF1HXdkrZQ.mp4 240 Chromatographic techniques and their forensic applications https://www.khanacademy.org/science/grade-12-chemistry-snc-aligned/x7a43e770fc9e15cf:chromatography/x7a43e770fc9e15cf:chromatographic-techniques-and-their-forensic-applications/v/column-chromatography 2020-06-23T07:22:40Z Column chromatography Learn how to separate chemicals using column chromatography. By Angela Guerrero. Angela Guerrero video https://cdn.kastatic.org/googleusercontent/zDaG85Gl2y8UYFiYsY8D8ZwqVlrGTFVdVb374PfQynqhN02b6ygMMdqaBsx2g9XDvU00c8oHPvOq_CWUKmG7En2SfQ Column chromatography Learn how to separate chemicals using column chromatography. By Angela Guerrero. https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/EOJrRnpiq5s.mp4/EOJrRnpiq5s.mp4 399 Chromatographic techniques and their forensic applications https://www.khanacademy.org/science/grade-12-chemistry-snc-aligned/x7a43e770fc9e15cf:chromatography/x7a43e770fc9e15cf:chromatographic-techniques-and-their-forensic-applications/a/chromatography-for-protein-separation 2024-07-12T22:12:55.610352124Z A closer look at types of chromatography This article reviews how chromatography is most often used for the separation of protein and other large molecules. article https://www.khanacademy.org/science/grade-11-chemistry-snc-aligned/x203b0fc81a964b2d:separation-techniques/x203b0fc81a964b2d:chromatography/a/principles-of-chromatography 2021-04-29T07:50:00Z Principles of chromatography article