https://www.khanacademy.org/ela/9th-and-10th-grade-grammar/xf006c25352e869bb:sentences-clauses-and-phrases-9/xf006c25352e869bb:parenthetical-elements-and-modifiers-9/a/restrictive-and-nonrestrictive-elements-9 2026-07-14T18:30:40.92487512Z Restrictive and nonrestrictive elements Learn how to use and punctuate restrictive and nonrestrictive elements. article https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar/punctuation-the-comma-and-the-apostrophe/more-ways-to-use-commas/v/appositives-the-comma-punctuation-khan-academy 2023-09-19T21:32:47.781412264Z Appositives David and Paige explain appositives, noun phrases that clarify or redefine another noun, and how to use commas to set them off in sentences. "My favorite snack, the cookie cat, is back in stock!" is a sentence that uses an appositive. video https://cdn.kastatic.org/googleusercontent/VYcL4adpa5QsJKShRlG8N7FLrLlUQs4LUpB2aUzErWNA5cnWPaeE_i_qXlFC-j19Ka7lXW1e6honEBbmhuF66AM2 Appositives David and Paige explain appositives, noun phrases that clarify or redefine another noun, and how to use commas to set them off in sentences. "My favorite snack, the cookie cat, is back in stock!" is a sentence that uses an appositive. https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/QFcaUTd8DgY.mp4/QFcaUTd8DgY.mp4 180 Parenthetical elements and modifiers https://www.khanacademy.org/ela/9th-and-10th-grade-grammar/xf006c25352e869bb:sentences-clauses-and-phrases-9/xf006c25352e869bb:parenthetical-elements-and-modifiers-9/e/restrictive-and-nonrestrictive-phrases-and-clauses-grammar-9 2026-07-13T19:41:05.916442654Z Restrictive and nonrestrictive phrases and clauses Practice identifying and punctuating restrictive and nonrestrictive phrases and clauses, including appositives. David Rheinstrom exercise https://www.khanacademy.org/ela/9th-and-10th-grade-grammar/xf006c25352e869bb:sentences-clauses-and-phrases-9/xf006c25352e869bb:parenthetical-elements-and-modifiers-9/a/subject-modifier-placement-grammar-9 2026-07-14T15:00:54.021605571Z Subject-modifier placement Learn how to properly place modifiers in sentences. article https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar/syntax-conventions-of-standard-english/dangling-modifiers-and-parallel-structure/v/dangling-modifiers-syntax-khan-academy 2023-09-19T21:32:47.781412264Z Dangling modifiers A modifying word or phrase “dangles” when it doesn’t apply to the word it’s supposed to modify, as in the sentence "Flashing lightning and thunder, the rabbit ran through the stormy meadow." It isn't the rabbit, after all, that is flashing lightning! video https://cdn.kastatic.org/googleusercontent/p-cne0NJ0OVnQYI_mpn0yV9u7Zs3vm8v9D6M-PxXR5jO5XXBvqNK5X9sxNMfiogT8icVSKh0DkknQSkaNB7UKHIi Dangling modifiers A modifying word or phrase “dangles” when it doesn’t apply to the word it’s supposed to modify, as in the sentence "Flashing lightning and thunder, the rabbit ran through the stormy meadow." It isn't the rabbit, after all, that is flashing lightning! https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/SjunMcrXgE0.mp4/SjunMcrXgE0.mp4 259 Parenthetical elements and modifiers https://www.khanacademy.org/ela/9th-and-10th-grade-grammar/xf006c25352e869bb:sentences-clauses-and-phrases-9/xf006c25352e869bb:parenthetical-elements-and-modifiers-9/e/dangling-and-misplaced-modifiers-grammar-9 2026-07-13T19:41:05.916442654Z Dangling and misplaced modifiers Practice identifying and correcting dangling and misplaced modifiers. Amanda M. Leff exercise