https://www.khanacademy.org/ela/7th-and-8th-grade-grammar/x9e6f4267f632f2c6:sentences-clauses-and-phrases-7/x9e6f4267f632f2c6:parenthetical-elements-and-modifiers-7/a/restrictive-and-nonrestrictive-elements 2026-07-14T12:00:38.807318877Z Restrictive and nonrestrictive elements Learn how to identify and punctuate restrictive and nonrestrictive elements. article https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar/punctuation-the-comma-and-the-apostrophe/more-ways-to-use-commas/v/appositives-the-comma-punctuation-khan-academy 2023-09-19T21:32:47.781412264Z Appositives David and Paige explain appositives, noun phrases that clarify or redefine another noun, and how to use commas to set them off in sentences. "My favorite snack, the cookie cat, is back in stock!" is a sentence that uses an appositive. video https://cdn.kastatic.org/googleusercontent/VYcL4adpa5QsJKShRlG8N7FLrLlUQs4LUpB2aUzErWNA5cnWPaeE_i_qXlFC-j19Ka7lXW1e6honEBbmhuF66AM2 Appositives David and Paige explain appositives, noun phrases that clarify or redefine another noun, and how to use commas to set them off in sentences. "My favorite snack, the cookie cat, is back in stock!" is a sentence that uses an appositive. https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/QFcaUTd8DgY.mp4/QFcaUTd8DgY.mp4 180 Parenthetical elements and modifiers https://www.khanacademy.org/ela/7th-and-8th-grade-grammar/x9e6f4267f632f2c6:sentences-clauses-and-phrases-7/x9e6f4267f632f2c6:parenthetical-elements-and-modifiers-7/e/restrictive-and-nonrestrictive-elements 2026-07-13T20:21:06.498585062Z Restrictive and nonrestrictive elements Practice identifying and punctuating restrictive and nonrestrictive elements. Hannah Chorley exercise https://www.khanacademy.org/ela/7th-and-8th-grade-grammar/x9e6f4267f632f2c6:sentences-clauses-and-phrases-7/x9e6f4267f632f2c6:parenthetical-elements-and-modifiers-7/a/subject-modifier-placement-grammar-7-8 2026-07-14T12:00:38.807318877Z Subject-modifier placement Learn how to avoid misplaced and dangling modifiers. article https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar/syntax-conventions-of-standard-english/dangling-modifiers-and-parallel-structure/v/dangling-modifiers-syntax-khan-academy 2023-09-19T21:32:47.781412264Z Dangling modifiers A modifying word or phrase “dangles” when it doesn’t apply to the word it’s supposed to modify, as in the sentence "Flashing lightning and thunder, the rabbit ran through the stormy meadow." It isn't the rabbit, after all, that is flashing lightning! video https://cdn.kastatic.org/googleusercontent/p-cne0NJ0OVnQYI_mpn0yV9u7Zs3vm8v9D6M-PxXR5jO5XXBvqNK5X9sxNMfiogT8icVSKh0DkknQSkaNB7UKHIi Dangling modifiers A modifying word or phrase “dangles” when it doesn’t apply to the word it’s supposed to modify, as in the sentence "Flashing lightning and thunder, the rabbit ran through the stormy meadow." It isn't the rabbit, after all, that is flashing lightning! https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/SjunMcrXgE0.mp4/SjunMcrXgE0.mp4 259 Parenthetical elements and modifiers https://www.khanacademy.org/ela/7th-and-8th-grade-grammar/x9e6f4267f632f2c6:sentences-clauses-and-phrases-7/x9e6f4267f632f2c6:parenthetical-elements-and-modifiers-7/e/dangling-and-misplaced-modifier-grammar-7-8 2026-07-13T20:21:06.498585062Z Dangling and misplaced modifier Practice choosing the correct modifier and identifying its correct placement in the sentence. Hannah Chorley exercise