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Photosynthesis in organisms

Review your understanding of photosynthesis in organisms with this free article aligned to NGSS standards.

Key points:

  • Many organisms make their own food through photosynthesis. Plants, algae, and some unicellular organisms do photosynthesis.
  • Photosynthesis is powered by energy from sunlight. This energy is used to rearrange atoms in carbon dioxide and water to make oxygen and sugars.
  • Carbon dioxide and water are inputs of photosynthesis. These inputs come from the environment.
  • Oxygen and sugars are outputs of photosynthesis.
    • The oxygen is released into the environment.
    • The sugars can provide chemical energy. This energy can be used by the organism to live and grow. The sugars can also be used to build the organism’s structures, or they can be stored for later use.
  • Photosynthesis is usually carried out in chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are cell structures that contain molecules called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll helps capture light energy.
A diagram represents the process of photosynthesis. The top left corner of the diagram shows the sun. Light waves labeled sunlight point from the sun to a green plant in the center of the diagram. A circle labeled sugars magnifies a point on a leaf. The magnified circle shows two line segments with hexagons spaced along them, which represent sugar molecules. An arrow labeled carbon dioxide points from the air to the green parts of the plant. An arrow labeled water points from the soil to the plant’s roots. An arrow labeled oxygen points from the green parts of the plant to the air.
Photosynthesis is powered by energy from the sun. Carbon dioxide and water are inputs of photosynthesis. Oxygen and sugars are outputs. Image created with Biorender.com.

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