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Sensory processing and the brain

Review your understanding of sensory processing and the brain in this free article aligned to NGSS standards.

Key points:

  • The nervous system helps humans and other animals sense and respond to their environments.
  • Sensory receptors are cells or cell parts that detect signals from the environment. These signals are called stimuli.
    • Some sensory receptors detect mechanical stimuli. These include the receptors involved with our sense of touch.
    • Other sensory receptors detect chemical stimuli. These include the receptors involved with our senses of taste and smell.
    • Others detect electromagnetic stimuli. These include the receptors involved with our sense of sight.
  • Information from sensory receptors is transmitted, or passed along, nerve cells to the brain.
  • The brain processes, or organizes, information from different sensory receptors. The brain can then trigger a response or store the information as a memory.
A diagram shows the steps of sensory processing in humans with arrows pointing from one step to the next. The first step is labeled stimulus and shows light waves moving toward an eye. The second step is labeled sensing and transmission and shows sensory receptor cells with a lightning bolt coming from them. The third step is labeled processing and shows a brain. The last step is labeled response and shows a person writing with a pencil.
A diagram representing sensory processing in humans. Image created with Biorender.com.

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