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Unit: Significance tests (hypothesis testing)

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The idea of significance tests

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Simple hypothesis testing
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Idea behind hypothesis testing
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Examples of null and alternative hypotheses
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P-values and significance tests
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Comparing P-values to different significance levels
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Estimating a P-value from a simulation
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Using P-values to make conclusions
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Practice
Simple hypothesis testingGet 3 of 4 questions to level up!
Writing null and alternative hypothesesGet 3 of 4 questions to level up!
Estimating P-values from simulationsGet 3 of 4 questions to level up!

Error probabilities and power

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Introduction to Type I and Type II errors
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Type 1 errors
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Examples identifying Type I and Type II errors
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Introduction to power in significance tests
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Examples thinking about power in significance tests
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Consequences of errors and significance
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Practice
Type I vs Type II errorGet 3 of 4 questions to level up!
Error probabilities and powerGet 3 of 4 questions to level up!

Tests about a population proportion

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Constructing hypotheses for a significance test about a proportion
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Conditions for a z test about a proportion
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Reference: Conditions for inference on a proportion
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Calculating a z statistic in a test about a proportion
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Calculating a P-value given a z statistic
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Making conclusions in a test about a proportion
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Practice
Writing hypotheses for a test about a proportionGet 3 of 4 questions to level up!
Conditions for a z test about a proportionGet 3 of 4 questions to level up!
Calculating the test statistic in a z test for a proportionGet 3 of 4 questions to level up!
Calculating the P-value in a z test for a proportionGet 3 of 4 questions to level up!
Making conclusions in a z test for a proportionGet 3 of 4 questions to level up!

Tests about a population mean

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Writing hypotheses for a significance test about a mean
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Conditions for a t test about a mean
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Reference: Conditions for inference on a mean
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When to use z or t statistics in significance tests
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Example calculating t statistic for a test about a mean
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Using TI calculator for P-value from t statistic
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Using a table to estimate P-value from t statistic
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Comparing P-value from t statistic to significance level
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Free response example: Significance test for a mean
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Practice
Writing hypotheses for a test about a meanGet 3 of 4 questions to level up!
Conditions for a t test about a meanGet 3 of 4 questions to level up!
Calculating the test statistic in a t test for a meanGet 3 of 4 questions to level up!
Calculating the P-value in a t test for a meanGet 3 of 4 questions to level up!
Making conclusions in a t test for a meanGet 3 of 4 questions to level up!

More significance testing videos

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Hypothesis testing and p-values
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One-tailed and two-tailed tests
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Z-statistics vs. T-statistics
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Small sample hypothesis test
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Large sample proportion hypothesis testing
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About this unit

Significance tests give us a formal process for using sample data to evaluate the likelihood of some claim about a population value. We calculate p-values to see how likely a sample result is to occur by random chance, and we use p-values to make conclusions about hypotheses.