Les Miserables and France's many revolutions

there's a very popular and I thought good movie out based on the play which is based on the novel by Victor Hugo lame is er habla and I'm sure I'm mispronouncing it means the miserable for those who for whom it was not obvious and when I want to give us a little bit of context because in that book play movie there is an attempted revolution and sometimes people try to associate it with the French Revolution but that is not depicting the French Revolution that people talk about when they talk about the French Revolution and so I thought I would give a little bit of scaffold of French history in the late 1700s and all the way through the mid-1800s to give a little bit of context on the matter so let's start off in 1789 1789 that's when you have the French Revolution the first French Revolution we could say or the French Revolution which is a the French Revolution that people talk about when they're talking about the French Revolution it was all about deposing louis xvi and his wife marie antoinette this is her body there i think she just got guillotined this is her head it was a very bloody revolution this is the storming of the Bastille all right over here and that starts the beginning of the first republic in France the first Republic so there was there were all these dreams and aspirations that France would now be a country of the people not not too dissimilar to the United States but revolutions are not so easy or so clean or so fast and Pitt and France had to go through several of a long period of pain before it could really establish itself as a real Republic but let's keep going on future further off in history let me do that in a different color I'll do the timeline in white so let's fast-forward let's fast-forward to 1799 1799 this is when Napoleon Bonaparte comes to power so and when people talk about Napoleon they are talking about Napoleon Bonaparte we'll see that there are other Napoleon's but if people just say hey Napoleon did this or that they're talking about Napoleon Bonaparte so this is Napoleon comes to now pull in and he officially ends the first republic in 1804 because he declares himself Emperor but let's fast forward there's many videos on Khan Academy dealing with the Napoleonic Wars and the French Revolution but let's fast-forward to 1815 so let me do that in white again so you get to 1815 so that's that was about 10 years so I need to go about 16 years so this is that put us at 1815 right over there 18 1815 is you essentially Napoleon faces his Waterloo which was literally at Waterloo that's why people talk about facing your Waterloo so that was he was banished for a little bit to Elba he was able to come back he had a hundred actually 111 days in power but then he was finally defeated and then he was finally put in to put into exile at st. Helena's where he died in 1815 you essentially have the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy so louis xvi younger brother louis xvi younger brother comes to power and they called him louis xviii so this is louis xviii which raises a very good question what happened to Louis the 17th Louis the 17th was Louis the 16th son who died in prison at the age of 10 in 1795 during the revolution so let's keep ordering the Revolutionary period I guess we could say so this right over here this straight over here Napoleon ends let me draw this is Napoleon's this is Napoleon let me do this in the same color I did in a pull the inmate so 1799 to 18 actually 1814 is when Napoleon's reign ended but then he came back for a little bit so I'll draw a little bit of a dotted line here a little dotted line and then 1814 was the formal restoration of the Bourbon monarchy and but of course Napoleon comes back a little bit but after Waterloo it's really firmly firmly established so you have the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy so this is louis xviii louis xviii and then in 1824 he dies and he dies child 18 1824 so let's see it's about nine years so that puts about right over there 1824 he dies childless and so his younger brother Charles the tenth comes to power so then you have Charles the tenth Charles I'll do all the Bourbons in purple Charles Charles the tenth and this is Charles the tenth right over here and so let's go a little bit further off into history you fast-forward all the way to 1830 you fast-forward to 1830 a lot of discontent and now you have the second French Revolution you might say oh hey this must be what lay miserable is all about no we're not there yet lame is is not about the second French Revolution so let's see sometimes called the July revolution July revolution and this revolution actually did not it was successful but did not establish a republic at this point instead installed and this whole time there was kind of a liberalisation the monarchy even when it was put in power had a kind of a gradual decline in how much power it had but after the July revolution they put in Charles the tents cousin Charles the tents cousin who was the Duke of Orleans the Duke of Orleans who is this guy this guy right over here who Louis Philippe the first so let me write that so this is Louis the Louis Philippe Louis Philippe Philippe the first and so you're saying Sal you started off this video talking about lame is you haven't mentioned lame is yet give me a little bit of context so now I will give you context so if you watch the movie it starts off with Jean Valjean he said like a shipping shipping place something where were there were there repairing ships of some sort that was in 1815 after Waterloo so it was under it was under louis xviii regime so that's right over here let me see with the start of the movie the start of the movie is right right about right about there and then the real climax of the movie which is this rebellion there's these Newsies barricades being set up in Paris you have all these young idealistic folks who are trying to overthrow the government this does not happen until 1832 this is 1832 I'll do it right over here 1832 and what catalyzes there are several things that was catalyzing that and actually most revolutions are catalyzed by just economic discontent if people are rich and happy and have jobs and aren't getting sick most people aren't in the mood to revolt but in 1832 as you could imagine the economic situation was not good there was also a very very nasty outbreak of cholera and what really catalyzed the events in lamé is and they even refer to it in the movie is the death of this chap right over here Jean Maximilian Lamarck let me write him down write the name down Jean Maxie million and I'm sure I'm mispronouncing it Lamarque and he dies in June June of 1832 and he was very sympathetic to the plight of the poor to the plight of the common man and he and and and kind of the the average folks because that hey look he's our guy in government and he had an influential role in government when they died they when he died they're like look we don't have anymore anybody else kind of in a high position who can speak for us let's use his funeral as a catalyst for revolt and you saw that happening in the movie lame is so lame is that climactic moment that is the June rebellion of 1832 and it's not you don't have to have amazing comprehension of watching movies to realize that this was unsuccessful so this right here didn't work didn't work if it did work it might have been called the third French Revolution but it was not it was an unsuccessful or unsuccessful rebellion really and it was at Victor Hugo observed it and that's why he's able to recount it in so much detail the barricading the young people the shooting in the streets all the rest so this is a little bit of review when people talk about the French Revolution they're usually talking about the French Revolution 1789 establishes or begins to establish the first Republic it was a successful revolution the second French Revolution this is the July revolution this is in 1813 1830 this is puts into power Louis Philippe the first the person that they're trying to overthrow in lame is and they don't establish the Second Republic after this for the Second Republic we have to go all the way we have to go all the way to the revolution we have to go all the way to the revolution of let me make sure I can scroll properly go all the way so let me continue my timeline so this is Louis Philippe to go 18 years 18 years to 1848 where you have the third French Revolution so third French third French Revolution which leads to the popular election of Napoleon Bonaparte's nephew Napoleon Bonaparte's nephew Louie Napoleon Bonaparte this guy right over here but France is still not done it still can't establish itself as a long-lasting republic in 1851 this character declares himself Emperor so 1851 he too declares himself Emperor and Napoleon and France is not finally freed of kings and emperors until 1870 until 1870 so this let's do this run all the way to 1870 where France essentially loses the franco-prussian war and this character this character right over here is deposed and you have the establishment of the third French Republic