Early English settlements - Jamestown

in the last video we talked about the short-lived and highly unsuccessful English colony at Roanoke Island which disappeared pretty much without a trace and even today is still known as The Lost Colony so as late as 1585 England has still not successfully established a new world colony well all of that is about to change in 1607 when the Virginia Company a joint stock company or an early precursor to the modern corporation which spread out both the shares the wealth and the risk of an expedition like one headed to the new world they received a charter for new world exploration from King James the first who had now taken over for Queen Elizabeth and their goals were kind of the same as many of the goals of explorers in this time period they wanted to find gold they wanted to find a passage to the Indies that might make it easier for them to get the luxurious materials like spices and silk that were so expensive to get over the land route that was the Silk Road and James in particular was hoping that they could maybe get one up on the Spanish who had been doing so well for more than a hundred years in the West Indies now one of the important things to note about this is that no one who went to Virginia expected to set up a colony there and live there for the rest of their lives what they expected was to go for a couple of years mine tremendous amounts of gold which they hoped were you know lying in giant piles all over the ground get tremendously wealthy and live like kings for the rest of their lives in Europe so this virginia company expedition was intended to be short term but as it'll turn out that will not be the case so how did things go for the virginia company compared to the Roanoke Island colonists well you know not terrifically better they sailed in early 1607 into the Chesapeake Bay and they spent some time looking for what might be a good place to settle and they eventually chose a site here on what they'll named the James River for King James and in the town that they'll call Jamestown for the same reason it's hard to overstate how terrible the land that they chose at Jamestown was and it was terrible for a couple of reasons one reason is that the soil isn't terrifically good there um its marshy it's not great for growing subsistence crops which you'll need to survive and more importantly it's buggy and by buggy I mean that there are tons of mosquitoes and mosquitoes carry diseases like say yellow fever malaria and those mosquito-borne diseases will have a tremendous effect a huge death toll for the early settlers at Jamestown the other thing I can't overstate about the colonists at Jamestown was just how incredibly unprepared and unsuited they were to be colonists in the New World remember this was essentially a get-rich-quick scheme well who are the sort of people who'd like to get rich quick investors for the most part these were gentlemen and the English definition of a gentleman is really someone who has title someone who has status someone who does not work with his hands and all through that first summer when they probably should have been planting crops to try to survive through the winter instead these gentlemen were busy looking for gold which means that when winter rolled around things got pretty dire at Jamestown and we'll talk about that in the next video