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The development of an American culture

Problem

“The War has renewed and reinstated the national feelings which the Revolution had given and which were daily lessened. The people have now more general objects of attachment with which their pride and political opinions are connected. They are more American; they feel and act more like a nation; and I hope that the permanency of the Union is thereby better secured.”
-Source: Albert Gallatin, in a letter to Matthew Lyon, 1816
Which of the following most directly undermines the author’s assertions?
Choose 1 answer: