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Surface integral ex2 part 1

Parametrizing a surface that can be explictly made a function of x and y. Created by Sal Khan.

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  • aqualine ultimate style avatar for user Lex.W.Howard
    Why does y^2 become v not v^2?
    (10 votes)
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    • blobby green style avatar for user Andrew
      at Sal writes re-writes the surface as z = x + y². At , for his parameterization he just makes the substitution: x=u and y=v. Plug that into the surface function: z = u+ v².

      As a position vector valued function that gives you: r(u,v) = (u)i + (v)j + (u+v²)k.
      (2 votes)
  • piceratops seed style avatar for user HIKIKOMORI
    i didn't get why y was required? all the ds s should give me the area of the surface
    (2 votes)
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    • blobby green style avatar for user infinisafricae
      Because you are not calculating the area of the surface in this example. You are calculating the mass of the surface and "y" is the "mass per area", hence "ydS" is the "mass of an infinitesimal surface". Summing all these up, you get the mass of the entire object, which is the surface depicted in the video.
      (8 votes)
  • blobby green style avatar for user Rob
    How do you know how to parametrize a surface? In this video, Sal simply sets x and y directly to their own parameters, whereas in the previous examples, he has to take the sin's and cos's of the parameters to describe x, y, and z. In other words, how do you know when to manipulate the parameters versus simply setting them equal to x, y, or z? Is it just practice/intuition?
    (5 votes)
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    • blobby green style avatar for user zjleon2010
      After hours of research, I still confuse about how to choose parameters for parameterization, but I want to share what I though could be correct.
      To me, parameterization is a transformation about the inputs of the function from the original one to the new one.
      e.g x,y,z as the original inputs, r,θ,Φ as the new inputs.
      Or, we could reduce the amount of inputs, e.g: x,y,z -> u,v.
      The critical difference is about what you are chasing for, in this video, is the surface area, 2 variables is a reasonable choice because the area formula for infinitesimal area only require 2 arguments, not 3.
      (1 vote)
  • duskpin seedling style avatar for user Martin Velasquez
    Why does he use "u" and "v"? Why not stick with "S" and "t"?
    (3 votes)
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  • leaf green style avatar for user Amandeep Singh
    If we can take x and y as parameters then why have we been parameterizing all surfaces upto now like the torus and the unit sphere?
    (3 votes)
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  • aqualine ultimate style avatar for user Nicolas Ballas
    Why do we take the integral of y?
    (2 votes)
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    • leaf blue style avatar for user Stefen
      The function being integrated in this problem is y. It could have been x or y² or whatever. It is the function whose surface integral will be taken. The surface in this problem is defined as z=x+y², where 0≤x≤1 and 0≤y≤2.
      Review the video from .
      (3 votes)
  • blobby green style avatar for user Miss H
    I'm confused. How can a surface have mass? ()
    (1 vote)
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  • old spice man green style avatar for user Les
    At , Sal starts to talk about identifying the surface. Has he done any videos on identification of quadric surfaces (by name) through their equations, rather than working through it visually? The visual aspect is useful but very time-consuming, especially for tests.
    (1 vote)
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Video transcript

Let's attempt another surface integral, and I've changed the notation a little bit. Instead of writing the surface as a capital sigma, I've written it as a capital S. Instead of writing d lowercase sigma, I wrote d uppercase S, which is still a surface integral of the function y. And the surface we care about is x plus y squared mins z is equal to 0. X between 0 and 1, y between 0 and 2. Now, this one might be a little bit more straightforward than the last one we did, or at least I hope it's a little bit more straightforward, because we can explicitly define z in terms of x and y. And actually we can even explicitly define x in terms of y and z. But I'll do it the other way. It's a little bit easier for me to visualize. So if you add z to both sides of this equation right over here, you get x plus y squared is equal to z, or z is equal to x plus y squared. And this is actually pretty straightforward. this surface is pretty easy to visualize, or we can give our best attempt at visualizing it. So if that is our z-axis, and that is our x-axis, and that is the y-axis, we care about the region x between 0 and 1. So maybe this is x equals 1, and y between 0 and 2. So let's say this is 1, this is 2 in the y area. So we essentially care about the surface over this, over this region of the xy plane. And then we can think about what the surface actually looks like. This isn't the surface. This is just kind of the range of x's and y's that we actually care about. And so let's think about the surface. When x and y are 0, z is 0. So we're going to be sitting-- let me do this in a-- let me do this in green. z is going to be right over there. And now as y increases, or if when x is equal to 0, if we're just talking about the zy plane, z is going to be equal to y squared. So this might be z is equal to 4. This is z is equal to 2, 1, 3. So z is going to do something like this. It's going to be a parabola in the zy plane. It's going to look something like that. Now, when y is equal to 0, z is just equal to x. So as x goes to 1, z will also go to 1. So z will go like this. The scales of the axes aren't-- they are not drawn to scale. The z is a little bit more compressed than the x or y the way I've drawn them. And then from this point right over here, you add the y squared. And so you get something that looks-- so this is this point there. And then this point, when y is equal to 2 and x is equal to 1, you have z is equal to 5. It's going to look something like this. And then you're going to have a straight line like that, at this point, is right over there. And this surface is the surface that we are going to take, or the surface over which we're going to evaluate the surface integral of the function y. And so one way you could think about it, y could be maybe the mass density of this surface. And so when you multiply y times each dS, you're essentially figuring out the mass of that little chunk, and then you're figuring out the mass of this entire surface. And so one way you could imagine as we go more and more in that direction as y is increasing, this thing is getting more and more dense. So this part of the surface is more dense than as y becomes lower and lower. And then that would actually give us the mass. With that out of the way, let's actually evaluate it. And so, as you know, the first step is to figure out a parametrization. And it should be pretty straightforward, because we can write z explicitly in terms of x and y. And so we can actually use x and y as the actual parameters, or if we want to just substitute it with different parameters, we could. But let me-- so let's just write-- let me do that. So let me just write x is equal to-- and in the spirit of using different notation, instead of using s and t, I'll use u and v. X is equal to u, let's say y is equal to v, and then z is going to be equal to u plus v squared. And so our surface, written as a vector position function or position vector function, our surface, we can write it as r, which is going to be a function of u and v. And it's going to be equal to ui plus vj plus u plus v squared k. And then u is going to be between 0 and 1, because x is just equal to u or u is equal to x. So u is going to be between 0 and 1. And then v is going to be between 0 and 2. I'm going to leave you there. In the next video, we'll actually set up the surface integral now that we have the parametrization done.