Blockades and American Entry
Blockades, u-boats and sinking of the Lusitania
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- entering into world war one the british and the world's dominated the is it
- immediately to their advantage you might remember from previous videos
- britain declared war on germany because of their division into belgium in early
- august of nineteen fourteen
- and it was in november of nineteen fourteen
- that the british
- that the british declare
- british
- declare the entire north sea area a war zone
- declare
- north sea
- eight war zone which is socially is telling any ship
- come here duro and rescue might be destroyed in the especially are not
- allowed to carry any contraband but included food as a contraband so this
- essentially began the blockade of germany and austria hungary
- so this is the blockade
- blockade of
- central
- of the central
- hollers
- and his head
- major implications for the work continued throughout the entire war
- is socially caused the germans of the central powers but to the germans and
- the
- are stranded austrians after russian food we're talking about thousands
- calories a day
- how you can look at the number of calories in your average big mac and
- think about how little food that was and there's many estimates of what that
- cause that obviously
- made it hard for the central powers to get more munitions and things like
- babbitt also made it very difficult for them to get food
- and their estimates that
- this war this rationing this inability get food
- led to malnutrition
- even lead to starvation and there's estimates that this might have led to in
- access so we're talking about an access
- or hundred thousand
- civilian
- that's
- either directly or indirectly due to malnutrition or starvation civilians
- in d
- amongst the central powers that this was a pretty
- serious tactic
- that was undertaken
- the germans did not have as dominant of the navy most of their navy was actually
- focus right off of the coast of germany
- right around there and the north sea
- but they also want to disrupt trade
- with the british they recognize you the british isles there there i would say
- they're dependent on trade for food and for supplies
- so in nineteen fifteen
- in nineteen fifteen in february
- the germans decay declared the seas around the british isles
- they declared this whole area award zone
- socs
- or our own
- around of the british isles
- british
- piles
- severly they declare that
- war zone
- the or is on as well
- because their service lead was concentrated right over here the way
- that they would enforce that they would essentially try to keep people from
- trading
- the with the british isles
- is through submarine warfare and and what were one of the first time that
- submarine warfare becomes a significant factor or time a very primitive
- submarine but we are talking about
- these vessels i could go underwater and essentially
- send torpedoes in two boats
- thinking about that as a backdrop we now forward
- tomato nineteen fifteen
- let's go to new
- may of nineteen fifteen
- you have the passenger liner
- the r_m_s_ lucid tenia an arm esler stands for royal mail ship has a ticket
- carried some mails a big ship
- if you've ever seen the movie titanic think of a ship like that and it was
- setting sail from the new york to liverpool
- liverpool animal and
- and it was
- it was apparently a passenger ship but it was also carrying cargo
- but the germans
- they said look this could be fair game for us especially if it's carrying
- munitions especially if it's a british ship
- and in the advertisement that wasn't in new york four the lucid any of that was
- going to leave on
- may first
- made for sleep made first
- twenty made first nineteen
- fifteen
- the german embassy actually placed an advertisement and this is worth reading
- they wrote
- notice
- travelers intending to embark on the atlantic voyage are reminded that the
- state of war exists between germany
- and her allies
- and great britain and her allies that the zone of war includes the water in j
- subject to the british isles
- that in accordance with formal notice given by the imperial german government
- vessels flying the flag of great britain or any of her allies
- are liable to destruction in those waters
- in those waters
- and the traveler sailing in the war zone on ships of great britain or allies do
- so at their own risk from the imperial german embassy in this is dated
- a parole
- nineteen fifteen
- so that's the backdrop
- the lose lose a ten-year set sail may first
- may first nineteen fifteen
- on may fifteenth concern may seventh
- nineteen fifteen the number fifteen keeps jumping in my birthday
- into my brain
- on may
- may seventh nineteen fifteen
- it's almost reached its destination of liverpool that's liverpool right over
- here
- liverpool right over here
- it's around ten or fifteen miles off the coast of ireland
- and right there it in counters and german u_-boat
- so this right over here is a
- drummond u_-boat
- and that german u_-boat sends a torpedo into those detainee a
- now the torpedo has as commander rams into the ship
- and the shortly after the torpedo hits you have this huge explosion the shoes
- explosion is actually one of those question marks of history
- now this ship goes down
- taking down with it most of its passengers
- so there were
- one thousand nine hundred and fifty nine total passengers and crew
- passengers
- and crew
- and eleven one thousand one hundred ninety five of them
- actually died
- there are many there are other ships that that went down due to jordan german
- u_-boats but what was famous about this one
- are is or at least from an american history point of view
- is that there were a hundred and twenty eight americans
- americans
- who also
- died on board
- and so you can imagine
- this lead to a lot of
- a lot of uh... oh yes
- of people were concerned on the american side why did this happen
- these were american civilians and essentially led to a a harsh reprimand
- from woodrow
- woodrow wilson
- and this is a little bit of context once war broke out and warburg had broken out
- not even a year before
- the sinking of the lusitania
- the americans position it was to be neutral did not want to enter into this
- european conflict
- with that said
- the americans were
- disproportionately trading with the allies not the central power
- they were providing
- uh... supplies uh... tucson inimitable metal trading level
- and they were
- providing monetary support they were providing loans to the allies dis
- proportional
- to the central powers of even though there was this
- kind of straw thus this
- this
- formal neutrality and there was kind of more implicit connection
- to the allies
- so wardrobe wilson he still wants to keep america out of the war at this
- point so this is we're talking about made nineteen fifteen
- and so he essentially just sends a stern warning to the
- to the german empire
- says you must apologize you must take action
- to prevent this type of thing happening into the future
- and the german empire actually complies
- on september ninth
- on september
- rewrite this on the timeline
- so right over here sunday
- you have loose a tennis soccer
- looser tenia
- loose attended sunk
- and then in september
- in september
- the germans
- germans
- agreed to not attack passenger ships
- not attack agree
- to not
- attack
- attack
- passenger
- passenger ships and so even though the sinking of the list the tendon special
- on american history classes is often given as a trigger
- for america entrance into war
- this whole thing happened in america stayed neutral throughout this entire
- appeared in america wouldn't actually enter the warranted until april nineteen
- seventeen solicit any it was just one of many things that happen in the
- in the years running up to the war
- and if we felt for a little bit in nineteen sixteen the next presidential
- election where wilson run won re-election
- he ran on a platform of
- he kept us out of war
- so kept
- uh... lf
- war
- so the sinking of loose it and it was a significant event
- it was
- one could argue because the germans did not want the u_s_ to enter on the side
- of the allies it was why the germans agreed to
- to loosen up at least for couple of years
- on their u_-boat campaigns as woolsey once again to nineteen seventeen the
- germans out of desperation start to become more aggressive on their u_-boat
- attacks again
- which is one of the catalyst that dr the u_s_
- in tor with that the u_s_ claims and drove them
- into world war one
- but what that said
- this is a little bit of contacting in oftentimes when we look at back at
- history we always make if seems very cut-and-dried seems obvious oh yes you
- know
- we had to go to war it's a return
- i have a few quotes here
- from william jennings bryan who was woodrow wilson's secretary of state in a
- few of these are are pretty
- of corporate telling
- so that's part of this first one is september nineteen fourteen this was
- before any of the stuff happened with loose attended war had broken out
- in europe
- and he had to this this message that you wrote to woodrow wilson to essentially
- advocate
- why we should stay out of the war
- and why they should be some type of mediation to try to get the word and as
- opposed to just letting it run its course and he wrote to wilson it is not
- likely that either side will win so complete a victory as to be able to
- dictate terms
- and if the venice of the interesting side this is interesting and
- strangely
- strangely for shadowing
- and if either side does win such a victory it will probably be it'll
- probably mean preparation for another war
- it would seem better to look for more rational for a more rational basis for
- peace
- the other quotes here this is this is kind of the question marker on that
- second explosion
- williams doing great william jennings bryan wrote ships carrying contraband
- should be prohibited from carry passengers it would be like putting
- women and children front of an army
- and so this is one of those big questions of history
- it was known douglas it was a tenia
- was carrying allied ammunition so it was carrying a light
- light
- mu missions
- now the germans claim it is actually carry heavy munitions and to some degree
- that second explosion
- tends to back that up and there's all sorts of shady things about
- of of a lot of the cargo that there was a tenuous carrying
- even though they claim that it was kind of these perishable goods it wasn't
- being kind of store dinner in a refrigerated part of the ship and so
- there was reason to believe that for that that was carrying actually heavy
- munitions
- that second explosion seems to
- point in that directions well and even after world war one the british navy
- actually
- spent multiple times try to destroy the rack of the lusitania and some people
- say
- in order to maybe maybe get rid of some evidence that it was actually carry far
- more munitions and maybe was
- uh... from the germans point-of-view a fairer target
- uh... ben then was actually made out
- so regardless it's a very interesting incident management directly tied
- america's
- entrance into world war one
- but is one of many events
- and this whole idea of blockades in german u_-boats against civilians
- this was something that that was a because of repeated concern for the
- americans
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At 5:31, how is the moon large enough to block the sun? Isn't the sun way larger?
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